Copper Ethernet hits hard limits at 100 meters and struggles with electrical interference in industrial environments. Fiber optic cable is glass, not copper, so it carries data as light pulses instead of electrical signals. That changes everything about distance, bandwidth, and environment.
A single strand of singlemode fiber can run for miles without a repeater. Multimode fiber carries 10, 40, or 100 Gbps over reasonable in-building distances. Neither cares about nearby motors, fluorescent ballasts, or EMI from heavy equipment. For Chicago buildings connecting multiple floors, multiple buildings, or handing off carrier services deep inside the facility, fiber is the infrastructure that makes it work.









